Using ground-based GNSS observations to improve aviation turbulence monitoring and prediction

According to the U.S National Transportation Safety Board, atmospheric turbulence is the number-one cause of injuries to passengers and crew in nonfatal aviation accidents and is responsible for about 75 percent of all weather-related incidents and accidents each year. Significant improvements in discriminating and localizing turbulence events are required to meet the FAA's long-range Aviation Research Program objectives.