Hemoptysis as a side effect of cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation: a retrospective case-control study

Purpose Hemoptysis and pulmonary hemorrhage are rarely described as complications of cryoballoon ablation for pulmonary vein isolation (CB PVI). This study evaluated a large cohort to determine the frequency and risk factors for manifestation of these complications and assess the clinical relevance of hemoptysis after CB PVI.