Unified Mechanics Theory

The term unified is used to describe the unification of universal laws of motion of Newton and laws of thermodynamics in single equations. As we discussed in earlier chapters, Newton’s laws do not account for energy loss and degradation. They only govern what happens to a system in initial moment a load is applied. For example, if a ball is given an initial acceleration, that acceleration continues to infinity according to F = ma. However, the laws of thermodynamics control what happens after the initial reaction. The ball will come to a stop according to the laws of thermodynamics. Traditional continuum mechanics is based on the laws of Newton only and phenomenological test data fit empirical models are utilized to introduce energy loss, degradation into continuum mechanics equations. Thermodynamic consistency is satisfied indirectly by empirical potentials. However, in unified mechanics theory displacement and entropy are linearly independent variables that are included in the universal laws of unified mechanics directly. Most importantly unified mechanics theory introduces an additional axis, called Thermodynamic State Index (TSI) axis, Fig. Fig. 4.4, axis, in addition to x, y, z and time. As a result, the derivative of displacement with respect to entropy is not zero, as in Newtonian mechanics, which is based on Newtonian space-time.