Time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory for electronic stopping power: Comparison to the Mermin-Kohn-Sham theory at high temperatures

Electronic stopping power in warm dense matter can affect energy transport and heating in astrophysical processes and internal confinement fusion. For cold condensed matter systems, stopping power can be modeled from first-principles using real-time time-dependent density functional theory (DFT). However, high temperatures (10's to 100's of eV) may be computationally prohibitive for traditional Mermin-Kohn-Sham DFT. New experimental measurements in the warm dense regime motivates the development of first-principles approaches, which can reach these temperatures. We have developed a time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory, which includes a novel nonadiabatic and temperature-dependent kinetic energy density functional, for the simulation of stopping power at any temperature. The approach is nonlinear with respect to the projectile perturbation, includes all ions and electrons, and does not require a priori determination of screened interaction potentials. Our results compare favorably with Kohn-Sham for temperatures in the WDM regime, especially nearing 100 eV.