Dynamic behaviors of underground structures in E-Defense shaking experiments

Abstract In mitigating disasters, underground structures are required to play an important role because they generally perform well even under large seismic loads and can be used as bases for reconstructing damaged cities. Underground structures compose a network, and therefore, disconnections caused by localized damage may induce critical malfunctions. To investigate this problem, a series of shake table tests using large-scale soil-underground structure models was performed at E-Defense, Japan in 2012. The intent of the tests was to capture detailed localized behaviors of underground structures around inground joints and boundaries between two different soil strata. In the experiments, significant failure developed at an inground joint due to displacement of the surrounding soil. In addition, noticeable localized behaviors, such as conversion of horizontal ground displacement to vertical bending of a tunnel appeared around the inground joints. Also, it was found that a flexible segment along underground structures is effective in mitigating damage to those underground structures, but only in its immediate vicinity.