Análise da peçonha de Bothropoides marmoratus, com ênfase na caracterização de proteínas com atividade antimicrobiana e/ou antitumoral

Approximately 90% of the bothropic and bothropoic constituents of the venom are proteins, and it is a mixture with a variety of pharmacologically active substances that act to induce pathophysiological changes. Research shows a wide variety of functional and structural components isolated from the venom of snakes capable of providing biological information, with various biotechnological applications, for example, antimicrobial and antitumoral. This work describes the purification, identification and biochemical and biological characterization of proteins with antimicrobial and/or antitumoral activity from the Bothropoides marmoratus venom. Fractionation was performed by HPLC using a C18 reverse phase. The biological activities were carried out with crude venom and with all the chromatographic fractions obtained. The antitumor activity was tested by MTT method against the HeLa (cervical cancer), B16F10 (skin cancer) and against normal lineage NHI3T3 (fibroblasts). The antimicrobial activity assays were performed with five strains of gram-negative and four Gram-positive and all fractions of interest were subjected to a second chromatography for separation of the components present and then were analyzed by mass spectrometry MALDI TOF-TOF . The results show that the crude venom and some fractions caused the death of the cell lines tested and also the bacteria. Analysis by mass spectrometry revealed that the four fractions of interest have a similarity to phospholipase A2, a C-type lectin, a serineprotease and a metalloprotease. The results indicate the therapeutic potential of venom from B. marmoratus and shows the need to better study its components separately. Some components may be unsuitable for immediate use, but have great biotechnological potential serving as models for the development of new drugs.