RESEARCH NOTE: Antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter species isolated from chickens near Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia

ABSTRACT There has been no report on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farm animals in Mongolia. To uncover the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in chickens in Mongolia and their antimicrobial resistance, in this study, we isolated and characterized Campylobacter spp. from chickens in Mongolia. We collected 71 cloacal swabs of chickens from five farms including four layer farms and one broiler farm near Ulaanbaatar city and isolated 25 C. jejuni and 6 C. coli. All isolates were resistant to tetracycline and 3 C. coli isolates were resistant to erythromycin. The C. coli isolates possessed either erm(B) gene or nucleotide substitution at nt 2075 of 23S rDNA, both of which are known to be associated with erythromycin resistance. Sixteen of the 31 C. jejuni/coli isolates (51.6%) were resistant to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones. All the fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates possessed amino acid substitution from threonine to isoleucine at codon 86 (nucleotide substitution: A C A to A T A). Multi-locus sequence typing and phylogenetic analyses showed a variation in the C. jejuni/coli in chickens in Mongolia. Additionally, some of the C. jejuni isolates seemed to be phylogenetically close to isolates in Asian and Oceanian countries. This is the first report on the characterization of the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in farm animals in Mongolia and is valuable for the implementation of measures for a prudent use of antimicrobials in farm animals.