Determinación de las frecuencias alélicas de tres lactoproteínas en bovinos Criollo Limonero y Carora de Venezuela

The genetic characterization of the autochthonous livestock requires to know the situation of populations for its conservation. Although characterization studies of Carora and Limonero Creole Cattle studies have been conducted in Venezuela, they have been isolated, not being carried out to determine whether gene structure for the genes of the three main milk proteins in these cattle breeds, Venezuelan Limonero Creole and Carora reflects its genetic variability. For this reason, the genotypes for the three main milk proteins were determined: N -casein, D -lactalbumin and E -lactoglobulin in controlled herds. The allelic frequencies and heterocigosities per locus were calculated for the characterization of these breeds per locus and for each population and Hardy Weinberg equilibrium parameters, as well as the relationships between them were determined. The most frequent alleles for each protein were identified in each herd and the Siboney de Cuba population was used as reference. It was found that there is a high variability in the two Venezuelan populations analyzed, which is an important tool for the design and control of the breeding programs. There is an available DNA bank of both breeds as well as the methodology of molecular marker analysis for the characterization of the Venezuelan cattle as a basis for future studies of association with characters of productive interest to be evaluated as selection or conservation indicators, or other applications of economic interest.