Ceramic Wall and Floor Tiles Containing Local Waste of Cement Kiln Dust- Part II: Dry and Firing Shrinkage as well as Mechanical Properties

The effect of using the local electrostatic precipitator cement kiln dust waste (EPCKD) collected from Tourah Portland cement factory on the production of ceramic wall and floor tiles was studied. The EPCKD as received from the factory was used to replace gradually a part of the total ceramic batch composition of a traditional wall and floor tile composition (clay, feldspar, limestone, quartz). The thermal properties in terms of dry and firing shrinkage as well as mechanical properties in terms of bending strength of the resulting wall and floor tiles were investigated. The results showed that the EPCKD can be used with an amount of 5 up to 25 wt. % from the total batch as previously illustrated (Part I) without any dangerous adverse effects. In the second part, the results showed that the dry shrinkage was nearly unchanged, while the firing shrinkage increased as the firing temperature as well as the EPCKD content increased to reach 2.8-7.9 % at 1170-1200 °C. The green bending strength was improved and enhanced by the addition of EPCKD to reach 23.43 kg/cm 2 compared with that of the control batch (C0) 12.24 kg/cm 2 . The bending strength of the fired articles was also improved and enhanced to reach 474.31 kg/cm 2 compared with 249.09 kg/cm 2 of the control mix. Furthermore, an excellent ability to coloration of the tiles was detected.