Optimization of Energy Storage in Hybrid Wind and Photovoltaic Energy Systems

Renewable energy plays an indispensable role in remote areas where the electric grid is not available. The hybrid system proposed in this paper includes two renewable energy sources, namely, photovoltaic systems and wind turbines. Combining these energies to meet load requirements with a reliable, economical, and sustainable energy supply is considered a critical issue. Hybrid systems are considered the most pragmatic solution for remote areas outside the network. A new method is proposed for determining the optimal size of energy storage in photovoltaic and wind hybrid energy generation systems. These generations are placed in a three-block scheme for predicting, measuring, and distributing/controlling and distributing power flows throughout the system to meet demand-side requirements. Data on electric load power, solar radiation power, ambient temperature, wind speed, and other weather conditions should be predicted with high accuracy. The algorithm for determining the optimal size is developed based on forecasting data, limitations, the ratio of values in the entire system, and the ability to charge/discharge the storage energy. The optimal size in this study helps reorder load patterns that fully compensate for energy shortages at high to medium price stages. It can be applied on each bus to reduce the cost of buying electricity from the electrical system. The new proposal is illustrated by simulation results in a case study conducted in MATLAB 2019a.