Numerical Study On the Longitudinal Deformation Pattern of Shield Tunnel

To simulate the longitudinal deformation of shield tunnel, a sophisticated 3D model was established, taking interactions between bolts and segments into consideration. The longitudinal mechanical and deformation pattern of shield tunnel were analyzed. The results showed that the deformation of circumferential joint was composed of joint opening and dislocation, and the dislocation was the main deformation. A longitudinal deformation pattern of tunnel, being divided into three phases, was proposed and the failure modes of bolts were revealed.