Allometry of the limbs of antelopes (Bovidae)

The principal bones, muscles and tendons in the legs of seven species of antelope of varying size have been measured, and aliometric equations have been derived. Some data published by Sachs (1967) have also been analysed. Most of the exponents of the aliometric equations agree well with McMahon's (1973, 1975a) theory of elastic similarity: lengths are approximately proportional to (mass)0˙25, diameters to (mass)0˙375 and cross-sectional areas to (mass)0˙75. However, some of the exponents for diameters and areas in the hind leg are significantly different from those predicted by the theory. The results are discussed in conjunction with previously published data on fast galloping. It is shown that maximum stresses in bones, muscles and tendons are probably more or less independent of body mass in antelopes galloping at their maximum speed. The tensile stresses in the tibia and humerus approach the tensile yield strength of bone. The total work which is done by the muscles in each stride at maximum speed and the energy saved by elastic storage are probably more or less proportional to body mass. The deviations of some of the allometric exponents for diameter from the expected value of 0middot;375 are partially explained.