PTC in OPRD: An Illustrative Overview

Illustrative examples of phase transfer catalysis (PTC) are compiled, albeit arbitrarily, to demonstrate its applicability to organic process research and development (OPRD), which covers eleven types of reactions: (1) ether formation, (2) ester formation, (3) hydrolytic removal of O-acetyl and O-silyl groups, (4) ester hydrolysis, (5) one-pot transesterification, (6) inorganic anionic species-mediated oxidation, (7) activation of KF for the fluoride-elicited nucleophilic displacement, (8) dichlorocarbene generation, (9) C−C bond formation in racemic synthesis, (10) asymmetric C−C bond formation in enantioselective synthesis of α-amino acids and α-hydroxy acids, and (11) enantio- and diasterocontrolled nitroaldol reactions.