Correction to: Was Lumpectomy Underutilized for Early Stage Breast Cancer?

Table 3 in the article (Brooks, Chrischilles, Scott, Chen-Hardee, “Was Lumpectomy Underutilized for Early Stage Breast Cancer?—Instrumental Variables Evidence for Stage II Patients from Iowa,” 2003, Health Services Research 38 (6):1385–1402) contained two typographical mistakes that could lead to a misinterpretation of the results. The sign of all instrumental variable (IV) estimates should be negative as in the updated table below. Note that two parameter estimates reported as positive and significantly different from zero statistically are actually negative and significantly different from zero statistically. Table 3 Instrumental Variable and OLS Estimates of the Effectiveness of Breast Conserving Surgery plus Irradiation on Survival Relative to Mastectomy