System and method for detecting open state of well lid and locating well lid based on rail robot

The invention discloses a system and method for detecting the open state of a well lid and locating the well lid based on a rail robot. The system includes a rail robot device, an I-beam rail, an RFIDgeographical tag, a mounting bracket, a wifi base station, and a data analysis platform. The rail robot device includes: a rail robot body, a RFID reader, an illumination sensor, a microprocessor, apower module, a lithium battery and a motor. The rail robot is equipped with the illumination sensor. Each well lid is provided with a RFID geographical tag. When detecting a light source with specific intensity in a running process on the rail, the robot determines a position by means of RFID and determines whether the well lid at the position is open so as to determine the position of the open well lid. The system avoids casualties caused by the theft and the damage of well lids in urban streets and has a great value to the application and promotion of various urban large and medium-sized underground galleries.