Supporting of Postural Deformities Diagnosis Using 3D Scanning

Traditionally posture deformity assessment for screening purposes is performed by visual examination of patient’s body by an expert. During further follow-up of the diagnosed deformity full spine, X-Ray 2D images are acquired. 3D medical imaging (Computer Tomography and MRI) is used when the spinal surgery is considered. Visual examination is subjective and is strongly dependent on expert knowledge. X-Ray and tomographic imaging exposure can be contraindicated in some cases (i.e. pregnancy). During last two decades, the dynamic development of methods and systems for 3D scanning and algorithms for measurement data analysis is observed. 3D scanning is successfully applied in modern industrial production lines, documentation of cultural heritage and human body analysis. Recently, algorithms for data analysis allow for 100% inspection of complex geometry and have increasing support for control of the technological process parameters on the base of calculated deviation between measurement and assumed 3D model. In this paper, we present an alternative approach for back posture analysis based on structured light 3D scanning. We present three different systems: mobile solution for prescreening of back shape, full body 3D scanner for monitoring of posture deformities and 4D scanner for dynamic analysis. Such a three-stage system fit into the idea of evidence-based medicine. Each of presented devices produces 3D geometry data representing the surface of patient’s body. Each of them has also accompanying software that has been developed for processing of geometry data into a final form that is easily interpreted by medical experts (angles, asymmetries, 3D models, changes in time of analyzed measures, etc.).