CULTIVARES DE SOJA EM FUNÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS CLIMÁTICOS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE TANGARÁ DA SERRA E DIAMANTINO, MT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influencia da temperatura e precipitacao no desempenho agronomico de cultivares de soja nos municipios de Tangara da Serra e Diamantino, MT. Os experimentos foram realizados na safra 2012/13. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados fatorial 2x4x6. Sendo dois locais, quatro epocas de semeadura (05/10/2012; 20/10/2012; 05/11/2012 e 20/11/2012) e seis cultivares de soja (AS7307, ANTA 82, TMG 1179, P98Y30, TMG 132 e M-SOY 9144), totalizando 48 tratamentos e tres repeticoes. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliacoes: numero de vagens por planta, numero de graos por vagem, massa de mil graos, produtividade e balanco hidrico climatologico sequencial diario. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a analise de variância, sendo as medias comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott, a 5% de significância. A segunda epoca (20/10/12) foi a que proporcionou maior rendimento de graos para a maioria das cultivares nos dois municipios estudados, sendo que as seis cultivares analisadas apresentaram variacao na produtividade em funcao da epoca e local de cultivo. A quarta epoca de semeadura (05/11/12) foi a que mais influenciou na massa de mil graos, devido a reducao no ciclo das cultivares nessa epoca.Palavras-chave: Glycine max (L.) Merrill; epocas semeadura; temperatura; precipitacao. SOYBEAN VARIETIES BASED ON CLIMATIC ELEMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITIES OF TANGARA DA SERRA E DIAMANTINO, MT ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of temperature and precipitation in the agronomic performance of six soybean cultivars sown in four seasons in the municipalities of Tangara da Serra and Diamantino, MT. The field experiments were conducted in the 20012/13 crop season. The experimental design was a randomized block with factorial treatment 2x4x6. Being two locations, four sowing seasons (10/05/2012, 10/20/2012, 11/05/2012 and 11/20/2012) and six soybean cultivars (AS7307, ANTA 82, TMG 1179, P98Y30, TMG 132 and M-SOY 9144), totaling 48 treatments and three replications. The following evaluations were conducted: number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand grain weight, productivity and daily sequential water balance. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The second sowing season (10/20/12) had the highest grain yield for most of the cultivars in both municipalities. The six cultivars analyzed had variation in productivity due to the sowing season and region of cultivation. The fourth sowing season (11/05/12) was the greatest influence in thousand grain weight, due to a reduction in the cultivars cycle in this season.Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill; sowing seasons; temperature; precipitation.