Position Sensorless Control of Synchronous Reluctance Machines based on Magnetic Saturation depending on Current Phase Angles

Position sensorless control of synchronous reluctance machines is not easy due to nonlinear correlations caused by extensive magnetic saturation. This article investigates stability of a conventional saliency-based method and, for the first time, shows that the method becomes unstable at high torque with high magnetic saturation not due to cross-coupling effect itself but due to expansion of the cross-coupling effect through feedback of the estimated position. This instability occurs even when neither disappearance of the saliency nor reversal of the estimated d - and q - axes arises. A novel method to overcome this instability is proposed, which utilizes magnetic saturation depending on current phase angles. The proposed method was verified by simulations and experiment using a prototype machine. The results demonstrated that the proposed method achieved stable sensorless operation at the maximum torque, and thus, surpassed the conventional saliency-based method, the feasible torque of which was limited to 60% of the maximum for the prototype machine.