First Report of Three Major Oncogenic Viruses: Human Papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr Virus And Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Penile Cancer
2015
We report here in first hand a case of triple infection caused by oncogenic viruses: HPV16, EBV-2 and MCPyV, in a squamous cell carcinoma of penis with an unfavorable outcome. Although reports on multiple viral infections in tumors are increasing, we do not know whether they are simply co-detected in the tissue or playing a synergistic role in the tumorigenesis. Studies addressing a putative co-stimulatory effect among these agents are needed in order to improve our comprehension of cell transformation.
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