ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УДЕЛЬНОГО ПОТОКА РАСТВОРИТЕЛЯ В ПРОЦЕССАХ УЛЬТРАФИЛЬТРАЦИОННОГО И ОБРАТНООСМОТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РАСТВОРОВ БИОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ

This work is devoted to the study of specific solvent stream in baro membrane separation processes in the biochemical industry. The main indicators, which characterize baromembranes technology, are productivity and quality division. Performance of baromembrane separation is estimated by the specific output or specific solvent stream, which is equal to the permeate flow per unit working area of the membrane per unit of time, and also determines the speed of the process of baromembrane division. This parameter depends on the material of the membrane, the nature of the solutes and their concentrations in the solution, the operating pressure, temperature and hydrodynamic processes. The article analyzed the specific solvent flow, which mathematically described by the equation based on Darcy's Law. This law establishes proportional dependence on the driving force of the process, the concentration and type of membrane. For the research was used following technique. The initial stage was to preliminary cleaning of membranes from impurities, checking the integrity of individual units, launching in work mode for a time period of 18 hours. Then there was a preliminary experience for the establishment of a permanent performance with a factor of retention membranes. After that was done a series of basic experiments, the results of which were used for calculate of specific solvent stream. As a result of investigations made certain conclusions. Specific solvent stream decreases with increasing concentration. In ultrafiltration membranes the specific solvent stream is higher than in reverse osmosis membranes. This phenomenon depends on the type of membrane. When the pressure increases the flow of the solvent and performance of baromembrane separation of solutions increases too. Specific solvent stream are influenced by concentrating polarization, gelation and sedimentation, which are formed as a result of increasing pressure and adsorption on the membrane surface.