Эпидемиологические особенности и цитологический скрининг рака шейки матки в Карелии

The research work is devoted to studying of epidemiology of cervical cancer and the effectiveness of cytological screening in Karelian Republic. The analysis of 344 cases of preinvasive cervical cancer and 837 cases of invasive cer-vical cancer for the 12year period ( 1998-2009) was carried out. Two stages are picked up: 1 1998-2003 and 2 2004-2009. It is noted that the morbidity of cervical cancer in Karelian Republic has 3 times increased from 10,5 to 33,7 cases among 100 thousand of female population. From 1998 to 2009 the frequency of 1-2 stages of cervical cancer has increased from 59,6% to 80,5% in 2009. The index of neglect (3-4 stages) has decreased from 40,4% to 19,5% in 2009. And the increase of morbidity is mainly observed in women of childbearing age including the age group under 30. The cancer in situ diagnosis has reached 29,1%. The increase of cancer in situ from 8,5% to 48,8% is noted in 2008 and 35,4 in 2009. The analysis of cytological screening for the indicated period was carried away and the factors that decrease its effectiveness were determined. There are 3 groups of districts in Karelian Republic with different levels of early cervi-cal cancer diagnosis (1-2 stages).The coverage of female population by cytological screening in Karelian Republic var-ies from 11,5% to 61,9% in different districts and in average amounts 43-46%. The sensitiveness of cytological screen-ing in the diagnosis of cervical cancer amounts 90,5%, varying from 86% in cancer in situ to 96,3-100,0% in 3-4 stages. The index of 5-year survival of patients with cervical cancer is in average 57,7-80,3% in Karelian Republic. It is indi-cated that along with significant increasing of cervical cancer there are good results in the sphere of its early diagnosis thanks to the systematic cytological screening in Karelia.