Effect of nano-silica in concrete; a review

Abstract Concrete has a substantial impact on the environment as the cement, whose production involves a large amount of CO2, is its main ingredient. Enhancing the durability parameters of the concrete structures can reduce their impact on the environment. Incorporating a small amount of nanoparticles in concrete can modify the nano-structure of cementitious materials, and thus procure high durability. Recently nano-silica has gained particular attention compared to conventional mineral addition due to its better performance in concrete. This review paper presents a study of the effects of nano-silica on the mechanical properties, durability parameters, and microstructural characteristics of the concrete.