Genetic Variants of DMBT1 and SFTPD and Disease Severity in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Polish Population-Based Study

Deleted in malignant brain tumours 1 protein (DMBT1) and surfactant protein D (SFTPD) are antimicrobial peptides previously linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility. This study attempts to link the most potential IBD-associated polymorphisms in DMBT1 and SFTPD with the disease severity in children. A total of 406 IBD patients (Crohn’s disease (CD) n = 214 and ulcerative colitis (UC) n = 192) were genotyped using hydrolysis probe assay. Clinical expression was described by disease activity scales, albumin and C-reactive protein levels, localisation and behaviour (Paris classification), systemic steroid, immunosuppressive, biological, and surgical treatment, number of exacerbation-caused hospitalisations, relapses and nutritional status. IBD patients with the risk genotype (AA) in DMBT1 rs2981804 had more frequent biological treatment (AA: vs. AG/GG; p = 0.012), concomitant diseases (AA vs. AG vs. GG; p = 0.015) and cutaneous manifestations (AA vs. AG/GG, p = 0.008). In UC, rs2981804 genotypes might be linked with albumin concentrations at diagnosis (AA vs. AG vs. GG; p = 0.009). In CD, DMBT1 rs2981745 was significantly associated with the number of severe relapses per year of disease (p = 0.020) and time-to-immunosuppression (p = 0.045). SFTPD was seemingly found to be associated with age at first immunosuppression in IBD (CC vs. CT vs. TT; p = 0.048). In conclusion, selected polymorphisms of DMBT1 and SFTPD might be associated with some disease severity measures in children with IBD. However, the magnitude of associations and their clinical relevance might be minor.