Texture tolerance to B-site valence mismatch for [001] textured Pb97.5%Ba2.5%[(Zn1/3Nb2/3) (1-x)–Tix]O3 transparent ceramics

Abstract Transparent Pb97.5%Ba2.5% [(Zn1/3Nb2/3) (1-x)–Tix]O3 ceramics have been textured using BaTiO3 template. The influence of B-site valence mismatch between the host and the template on texture growth is investigated. The texture degree depends on the Ti4+ content in the host. The minimum Ti4+ content of 9% is necessary for texture growth. X composition in the vicinity of 9% is demonstrated at MPB where the maximum d33 and kp is 660 pC/N and 63%, and a strain as high as 0.27% at 40 kV/cm is achieved. The transmittance of textured P97.5%B2.5% (ZN–4%T) ceramic is 47% at 600 nm and exceeds 60% at the wave length of 1000–3000 nm. This research gives a better understanding of texture growth and facilitates the designs of multi-functional devices.