Climate Vulnerability Index: A Case Study for the City of Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Belo Horizonte is one of the major cities in Brazil and, as other cities in Latin America, it faces climate change-related challenges such as floods and health issues. In order to assist the city in the understanding and preparation for impacts, the present study comprised the assessment of the climate vulnerability of Belo Horizonte. This study used an integrated GIS computational platform, named MOVE, which evaluated and provided practical answers for the management of climate vulnerability. A climate change vulnerability index was calculated from three component indexes: (1) exposure; (2) sensitivity; and (3) adaptive capacity. Each sub-index was determined by georeferenciated data from variables such as climate (e.g. precipitation pattern), socio-demographic characteristics, available infrastructure, education and warning systems. A climate vulnerability map of the city was produced, showing vulnerability hotspots and their causes. The major climate change-related challenges identified in Belo Horizonte are landslides, floods, dengue and heat waves. This information is fundamental for prioritizing investment in adaptation measures. This study will be the basis of a comprehensive adaptation plan for the city aiming the increase of the climatic resilience of the population, economy and environment.