IFP35 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for the syndromes induced by SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus

SUMMARY Previous studies showed that the high mortality caused by viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus, primarily results from the complications of a cytokine storm. Therefore, it is critical to identify the key factors participating in the cytokine storm. Here, we demonstrate that the interferon-induced protein 35 (IFP35), plays an important role in the cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus infection. We find that the levels of serum IFP35 in SARS-CoV-2 patients correlates with the severity of the syndrome. Using mouse model and cell assays, we show that IFP35 is released by lung epithelial cells and macrophage after SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus infection. In addition, we show that administration of neutralizing antibody against IFP35 considerably reduce lung injuries, and thus the mortality rate of mice exposed to viral infection. In conclusion, our findings suggest that IFP35 serves both as a biomarker and a therapeutic target in virus-induced syndromes.