Determination of Submergence Depth to Avoid Vortices at Horizontal Intake Applying Flow-3D Software

Free surface vortices is considered as one of the problems of the industry in part of flood control (over flow), agriculture, electricity and water supply plants that researchers’ effort in this way represents importance of this issue., it can cause excessive vibration, efficiency loss, structural damage, and also flow reduction in hydro turbines, pumps, Culverts and also can be potential risk and damage factor on the safety of power plants. The most important reasons for using the software FLOW 3D in this thesis is the exact study of intake and making connection between software model and Experimental model. Since software has capability to present velocity distribution in line X Y Z and other hydraulic parameters in point of Critical depth (the first depth into that vortex is not formed). In this thesis presented the Numerical model of horizontal intake with a Plexiglas Reservoir by length and width of 3.1 m and depth of 2.2 m and intake pipes with a radius of 0.3, 0.25, 0.194, 0.144, 0.1, 0.05 m and length of 3 m in determining the required depth of flooding to prevent vortex as software modeling. The results of this study can be used to derive a scrutiny relationship between the depth of flooding in the form of equations of first grade and second grade point. This relationship has been extracted after examining the application output and experimental data in terms of depth flood submergence depth (critical depth), intake diameter, Froude number, the Weber number and Reynolds number.