Повышение экологической эффективности перерабатывающей промышленности АПК на основе экономических инструментов

The issues of ensuring the environmental safety of the functioning of the processing industry in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, on the basis of economic mechanisms, are considered. The high level of resource use in the processing of agricultural products contributes to environmental pollution, reduces the competitiveness of the industry, increases the level of costs. A rather large deterioration and obsolescence of the equipment of the processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex does not allow for the environmentally safe processing of agricultural products. Of particular concern are enterprises of the meat processing industry, which produce waste, which creates an unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation in the regions. In this regard, it is necessary to develop such a system of economic incentives for the implementation of resource-saving projects of the processing industry enterprises in the agro-industrial complex, which would improve the environmental and economic efficiency of the studied industry. Given the high capital investment in modern resource-saving equipment, it is advisable to pay attention to the sources of funding for these projects on a preferential basis. Among the measures for the economic stimulation of projects for the processing of agricultural products by the industrial method, the article proposes both credit and financial instruments, including preferential loans and leasing, and preferential taxation, and an environmental fee. In order to stimulate projects for the acquisition of resource-saving equipment in the processing of agricultural products, it is proposed to use such an effective tool as accelerated depreciation, which allows manufacturers to reduce costs when replacing old equipment with more modern ones. In order to increase risk management efficiency, when implementing projects for industrial processing of agricultural products, it is proposed to use public-private partnership tools that minimize risks, including environmental ones, due to their redistribution between participants, based on such forms as delegation of management and concessions.