The History of Slope Evolution – Primary Cause of its Modern Instability (by Example of the “Vorobyovy Gory” Landslide, Moscow)

Landslide processes on the Moscow city territory have been studied more than a hundred years. The study area is located in the central part of the Vorobyovy Gory, covering the area from the Moscow observation deck to the Moscow metro bridge. The length of the visually defined landslides is up to several hundred meters, and the visible width along the axial part of the landslide is more than 300 m. The volume of soil involved in the landslide deformation is estimated as 2 million m3. The surface slope, the elevation of which reaches 60–70 m, has a typical landslide terrain. The deposits of Carboniferous, Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Quaternary systems are presented in structure section.