Análisis del radioteatro a través de la obra de Julio Cortázar : Adiós, Robinson

ABSTRACTThis research work is based on the study of the play Adios, Robinson (Goodbye, Robinson), a radio script written by Julio Cortazar in 1977, published in 1984, reedited in 1995 -after the death of the author-, and broadcast in every continent in the late 1970s. The analysis of this piece was carried out taking into consideration two different but complementary perspectives: one more formal or technical and the other ideological. Thus, on the one hand, radio drama is examined as a type of discourse that uses a specific language -radiophonic language-, and constitutes “a theatrical presentation written for radio", based on the works of Rudolf Arnheim, Armand Balsebre and Etienne Fuzellier. On the other hand, the text contextualized by referring to the troubled situation in Latin America in the 1970s, and relating the topic of "decolonization" to that of liberation. Before addressing the subject of radio drama -including its origins in Argentina, the first pieces for radio, and the characteristics of its format- and taking the author Jesus Martin-Barbero as a source of reference, a brief history of melodrama is presented. This genre, characterized by strong emotional content, is very much present in Latin America, particularly in radio drama and soap operas. After describing Cortazar’s writing style, the script is analyzed from a viewpoint that focuses mainly on the categories of space and time, which are especially of interest when studying a piece of radio drama. Finally, this study pretends to demonstrate that Julio Cortazar did not write Adios, Robinson as a mere piece of radio entertainment. On the contrary, the author, aware of the power exercised by this type of media, uses it to reach a wider audience and present it with an anti-colonial fable.Keywords: Cortazar, Robinson Crusoe, decolonization, semiology of radio drama.