Observer for simulating degradation and settlement of garbage soil and test method thereof

The invention provides an observer for simulating degradation and settlement of garbage soil and a test method thereof, belonging to an experiment technology field for researching degradation and settlement of landfill garbage. The observer for simulating degradation and settlement of garbage soil, by an internal force sensor, measures frictional forces between a force transmission shaft and a vertical guide sleeve, and between a piston and an organic glass cylinder, eliminates the frictional force when loaded, and is more advanced than a previous garbage soil compression and settlement apparatus is. An external displacement sensor can more accurately measure the settlement of garbage soil by a full-automatic information acquisition program. A constant temperature water-bath cycle is accessed by casing with a double-layer structure, to enable the load to be maintained under a same temperature. Gradation loading automatic control, fully-automatic information acquisition and control programs are employed, and when a settlement amount in a certain time period is lower than a value, a servo loader is controlled to enter a next grade for loading.