Chinese Cities Could Learn from Seoul Experiences of Public Transportation Reform

Seoul Metropolitan Government implemented a comprehensive and integrated Public Transportation Reform since July 1st, 2004, which was a major step towards sustainable mobility. The key of its success lies in its integrated approach combining organizational measures, innovative technology, infrastructure development, and transport operation. As a mega-city located in the East Asia, Seoul has a lot of similarities, in terms of culture, values, demographic changes, economic and urban developments, etc., with many lager Chinese cities including Beijing. While practitioners in the Chinese public transit industrials and many other people are taking actions to meet great challenges of urban public transit, the experiences and achievements of Seoul's comprehensive and integrated public transportation reform can be a timing and valuable lesson to learn.