Human papillomavirus related to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

potential as an immune modulator in cancer chemotherapy has generated considerable interest. Methods: In the present study, we sought to identify the antitumor immune effects of GEM in amouse oral cancermodel using immunological analyses. Results: In vivo GEM administration markedly augmented maturation and stimulatory capacity of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, GEM treatment upregulated tumor-cell surface expressions of several immune accessory molecules and adhesion molecules, including CD80, CD86, CD40, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectin. Remarkably, these tumor cells augmented tumor-specific T-cell responses. Conclusions: These results suggest that GEM can induce host antitumor immune responses, which would facilitate antitumor effects in the treatment of oral cancer.