Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Potassium Humates and Poly(dialyldimethylammonium chloride) for Fixing Sand Soil

The preparation of electrostatic complexes between a cationic polymer, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), and natural polyanions, potassium humates, is described. The polycomplexes remain stable in the aqueous solution for a long time (up to 3 months) or form precipitates that can be easily resuspended when the sample is shaken. When aqueous solutions/suspensions of polycomplexes are applied on the sand surface, polymer-sand coatings (crusts) are formed, the mechanical strength of which increases with increasing content of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) in the polycomplex. The greatest resistance to water (water resistance) is exhibited by crusts with a high proportion of mutually neutralized sections of both polymers. For such crusts, sand loss during watering is in the range from 0 to 2%. The developed multicomplex formulations can be used to stabilize soil and ground against water and wind erosion.