PUESTA AL DÍA EN MEDICINA INTENSIVA. MONITORIZACIÓN HEMODINÁMICA EN EL PACIENTE CRÍTICO Estimación del gasto cardíaco. Utilidad en la práctica clínica. Monitorización disponible invasiva y no invasiva

Estimating cardiac output. Utility in the clinical practice. Available invasive and non-invasive monitoring Abstract This aim of this review is to provide a detailed review of the physiologic conditions and variables of the cardiac output, as well as review the different techniques available for its measurement. We also want to establish the clinical situations in which the measurement of cardiac output can add valuable information for the management of critically ill patients. The Fick technique, used in the beginning to calculate cardiac output, has been replaced today by thermodilution techniques (transcardiac or transpulmonary), lithium dilution, bioreactance, Doppler technique or echocardiography. Pulse wave analysis allows a continuous minimally