Cholesterol crystallization-promoters in human bile: comparative potencies of immunoglobulins, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, phospholipase C, and aminopeptidase N1.

Concanavalin A (Con A)-binding glycoproteins ac- celerate the rate of cholesterol crystal formation as a prelude to gallstone formation. Immunoglobulins (IgM, IgA, and IgG), aminopeptidase N (APN), phospholipase C (pcPLC), and a,-acid glycoprotein from this Con A fraction have dl been pro- posed as candidate promoters. We immunopurified each of the six putative promoters and examined their comparative effects by adding equal amounts to a cholesterol crystal growth assay. The effects of immunoabsorptive removal of each of the specific candidate promoters from native bile were also compared. In additional studies, the potency of these proteins was in the fol- lowing order: IgM>IgA = AAG>IgG. APN and pcPLC showed no effect on cholesterol crystal growth at their apparent physiological concentrations. In subtractive experiments, only a minor loss (< 10%) of net promoting activity from that of the whole Con A-bound fraction was observed after immunoabsorp- tive removal of pcPLC, APN, or immunoglobulins. Total removal of AAG, however, showed a far greater loss (@33%) of the net promoting activity. a These data indicate that AAG accounts for the greatest portion of net biliary Con A-bound promoting activity derived from currently defined and well- identified glycoproteins. However, more than 60% of total Con A-binding promoting activity remains unaccounted for, indicat- ing the presence of other important and still unidentified