The Bovine Genome Variation Database (BGVD): Integrated Web-database for Bovine Sequencing Variations and Selective Signatures

Next-generation sequencing has yielded a vast amount of cattle genomic data for the global characterization of population genetic diversity and the identification of regions of the genome under natural and artificial selection. However, efficient storage, querying and visualization of such large datasets remain challenging. Here, we developed a comprehensive Bovine Genome Variation Database (BGVD, http://animal.nwsuaf.edu.cn/BosVar) that provides six main functionalities: Gene Search, Variation Search, Genomic Signature Search, Genome Browser, Alignment Search Tools and the Genome Coordinate Conversion Tool. The BGVD contains information on genomic variations comprising ~60.44 M SNPs, ~6.86 M indels, 76,634 CNV regions and signatures of selective sweeps in 432 samples from modern cattle worldwide. Users can quickly retrieve distribution patterns of these variations for 54 cattle breeds through an interactive source of breed origin map using a given gene symbol or genomic region for any of the three versions of the bovine reference genomes (ARS-UCD1.2, UMD3.1.1, and Btau 5.0.1). Signals of selection are displayed as Manhattan plots and Genome Browser tracks. To further investigate and visualize the relationships between variants and signatures of selection, the Genome Browser integrates all variations, selection data and resources from NCBI, the UCSC Genome Browser and AnimalQTLdb. Collectively, all these features make the BGVD a useful archive for in-depth data mining and analyses of cattle biology and cattle breeding on a global scale.