Oral clonidine premedication reduces nausea and vomiting in children after appendectomy.
2012
Objective: Clonidine is an α2-agonist which is used as a sedative
premedication in children. There are conflicting results in the
published literature about the effect of clonidine on the incidence of
post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We therefore decided to
evaluate the effect of oral clonidine given preoperatively on the
incidence of PONV in children after appendectomy. Methods: sixty
children, 5-12 years old, classified as American Society of
Anesthesiologists physical status I and II, who were scheduled for
appendecectomy were enrolled in this randomized double blinded clinical
trial. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 patients.
Patients in clonidine group were given 4 μg.kg -1 clonidine in 20
cc of apple juice and patients in control group were given only 20 cc
of apple juice 1 hour before transporting to operating room. The
protocol of general anesthesia and postoperative analgesia was the same
for two groups. Incidence of PONV and antiemetic usage of patients were
assessed during 0-24 hours after anesthesia. Findings: The patients'
characteristics were similar in two groups. Patients who had received
clonidine had significantly less episodes of PONV and also less rescue
antiemetic usage than patients in control group. Conclusion: we showed
that oral clonidine at a dose of 4 μg.kg -1 administered
preoperatively is associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative
vomiting in children who have undergone appendectomy.
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