Bidirectional modulation of microRNA with a clamp-like triplex switch for enhanced and programmed gene therapy

A clamp-like triplex switch (CTS) able to simultaneously downregulate an overexpressed onco-miRNA and replenish the lost tumor-suppressive miRNA in a controllable manner was developed for enhanced gene therapy. Compared to the "unidirectional" regulation approach, the CTS displayed improved anti-tumor efficacy in vitro and was harmless to healthy cells.