Avaliação dos resultados neonatais e fatores associados em gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia grave: uma revisão sistemática

Objective: To analyze the impact of severe pre-eclampsia (PE) on maternal and neonatal mortality and associated factors in pregnant women. Methods: Literature review with inclusion of studies published between 2014 and 2019, carried out in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) database via Pubmed in October 2019. Through the descriptors neonatal mortality, preeclampsia and maternal mortality, 1669 studies were found in the initial search. Of these, 16 analyzed pregnant women of any age and ethnicity with severe PE and were selected for review. Results: Neonatal and maternal mortality showed medians of proportions equal to 9.32% and 1%, respectively. About neonatal results: the median of premature newborns (NBs) found was 33.9%, the median birth weight was 2042.65g (classified as low weight) and the median percentage of newborns admitted to the ICU was 46.6 %. It is observed that maternal mortality was addressed in only 7 of the analyzed articles (43.75% of the total selected articles). Final considerations: This systematic review concludes that severe PE has a relevant impact on neonatal mortality and on the other assessed neonatal outcomes. Regarding maternal mortality, there is a gap in scientific productions in the analyzed period that seek their direct correlations with severe PE.