Study of the Behavior of Black Currant Varieties and Elites against Diseases under the Climatic Conditions of Baia Mare

Current trends exhibited worldwide to replace some food and therapeutic products that were synthetically obtained with similar extracts from fruits and plants, put fruit shrubs into a new light. They are relatively easily adapting to various culture conditions and systems. Fruits of fruit shrubs are an important provider of raw material that is valuable for obtaining some natural products with high food value. The aim of this experimental study was to estimate the resistance off 17 elites of black currants versus the attack of the pathogen agents, in order to expand them in culture. The experimental study was performed at a farm in Coltau, located 12 km of Baia Mare. Their behavior against mildew, anthracnose and rust was monitored. The inspections were made during the years of 2011 and 2012, observing the leaves and calculating the frequency, intensity and attack degree. Among  the 17 studied variants, the most resistant to mildew, anthracnose and rust proved to be the variant no.4, followed by the variants no.7, 8, 9, and 17, which are recommended to be extensively used in culture. The most sensitive plants were the variants 5 and 6 which had over 60% of leaves attacked on 25-50% of their surface. Higher anthracnose attack appeared at the elites no.10, 13, 15, 16,  having over 20% of leaves attacked with the intensity of over 50%.