Molecular characterization of tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus associated with severe leaf curl symptoms of papaya in Bangladesh

A survey of viruses in papaya plants exhibiting leaf curl symptoms in Bangladesh showed the occurrence of three begomoviruses: tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus (ToLCJoV) and its betasatellite (ToLCJoB), tomato leaf curl New Dehli virus (ToLCNDV), and tomato leaf curl Bangladesh virus (ToLCBV). The full-length genome of ToLCJoV (MT127782) was determined and shown to be closely related to ToLCJoV isolates from tomato in Bangladesh or India and chili in India. ToLCJoV from papaya was a recombinant of a ToLCJoV isolate from mungbean in India or an unknown host and another ToLCJoV isolate from tomato in Bangladesh. ToLCJoV betasatellite from papaya (MT161673) showed the highest identity to ToLCJoB from tomato in Bangladesh and chili in India. ToLCJoB from papaya is a recombinant of a ToLCJoB from chili in India and an unknown ToLCJoB. The ToLCNDV DNA-A (MT161674) and DNA-B (MT161675) from papaya are closely related to ToLCNDV isolates from tomato in Bangladesh. The ToLCNDV-papaya DNA-B was a recombinant molecule. Of the 45 papaya leaf samples with leaf curl symptoms, 29 tested positive for ToLCBV, 10 for ToLCJoV and four for ToLCNDV. Our findings documented multiple begomoviruses in papaya exhibiting leaf curl disease in Bangladesh and suggested several recombination events and a host shift from tomato to papaya.