Analysis of influencing factors of screened myopia in primary school students in seven provinces

Objective To understand the current situation and associated factors of myopia among primary school students, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia among primary school students. Methods In Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi and other provinces, 1 prefecture was selected, and a number of primary schools were selected from each region. All the students in the class were selected as the object of this survey. A total of 8 365 middle school students were examined for their eyesight, and the data of general population economic indicators and natural environment indicators were obtained through the statistical yearbook of various provinces and cities. The influencing factors of primary school students’ myopia were analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression. Results Univariate analysis showed that different provinces and different sex, different nationalities, different grade, parents’ average salary, sunshine duration, air temperature, altitude, longitude, latitude, different economic zone(χ 2 = 116.22, 18.08, 26.33, 1 059.04, 14.86, 10.28, 16.95, 10.01, 23.15, 29.43, 88.14, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis results showed that gender, grade, sunshine duration, longitude were risk factor for poor vision ( OR = 1.31, 1.71, 1.45, 1.54, P <0.05); Economic zone and parents’ salary were protective factors for poor eyesight of students ( OR = 0.65, 0.86, P <0.05). Conclusion Myopia of primary school students is affected by a variety of factors, economic and social factors and natural environmental factors have an impact on the screening. 【摘要】 目的 了解小学生筛查性近视现况, 分析其影响因素, 为小学生近视防控提供科学依据。 方法  在甘肃、广东、 广西、贵州、辽宁、山东、山西7省份各选取1个地市, 每个地区选取若干所小学, 抽到的班级全体学生作为调查对象。对抽 中的8 365名学生进行视力检查, 通过各省市统计年鉴获取一般人口经济学指标和自然环境指标数据, 通过单因素;χ 2 检验 和多因素Logistic回归分析小学生筛查性近视的影响因素。 结果 单因素分析结果显示, 不同省份、性别、民族、年级、父母 年平均工资、年平均日照时长、年平均气温、平均海拔高度、经度、纬度、经济分区小学生的筛查性近视率差异均有统计学意 义(χ 2 值分别为 116.22, 18.08,26.33, 1 059.04, 14.86, 10.28, 16.95, 10.01, 23.15,29.43, 88.14, P 值均<0.05)。多因素 Logistic 回归分析结果显示, 性别、年级、日照时长、经度与筛查性近视呈正相关 ( OR 值分别为1.31, 1.71, 1.45, 1.54, 尸值均<0.05)； 经济分区和父母年平均工资与学生筛查性近视呈负相关 ( OR 值分别为0.65,0.86, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 小学生近视受多 种因素影响, 经济社会因素和自然环境因素对小学生筛查性近视有影响, 各地在制定近视防控措施时要兼顾经济社会因素 和自然社会因素。