Side-effects associated with targeted therapies in renal cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: With the introduction of multiple new targeted agents for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, specific attention must be given to toxicities induced by these agents. RECENT FINDINGS: Agents with activity on the same target can have different toxicities, which might lead the clinician to select or individualize therapies. However, some data also support the concept of maximal tolerated dose as a marker of efficacy. Specific elements of these data are summarized and discussed in the paper. SUMMARY: Toxicity management is pivotal in individualized cancer care. This papers outlines some of the principles related to disease and toxicity management.