Новий погляд на біомеханіку переломів довгих трубчастих кісток нижньої кінцівки

The main objective of our work is to study of the modern aspects of the biomechanics of fractures of the lower extremity long tubular bones in cases of mechanical trauma. The objects of our studies were 576 samples and 128 expert cases with injuries of the femoral bones, tibia and fibula. The data obtained were statistically processed with the use of multi-factor dispersion analysis. Three grouped hierarchical biomechanical modules have been found to be the most reasonable to apply in detection of mechanical and morphogenesis of fractures of low extremity long tubular bones: elasticity, stiffness and solidity including the most valuable diagnostic morphological signs grouped by the degree of their influence on destructive processes of the given bones. Objective: to study of the modern aspects of the biomechanics of fractures of the lower extremity long tubular bones in cases of mechanical trauma for objective retrospective establishment of the mechanisms of fracture formation. Materials and methods. The material of our study included 576 samples of the femoral bone, tibia and fibula, taken from 16 male and female biomannequins aged from 24 to 70 without their traumatic injuries, visual pathological changes or some mentions about them in the anamnesis. Expert examinations involved also 82 individuals with 128 injures of the lower extremities: femurs – 40 cases, tibia – 46 cases, fibula – 42 cases. The data obtained were statistically processed with the use of multi-factor dispersion analysis. Conclusions: Various portions of long tubular  bones  of  the  lower  extremity  have  a  number  of  structural-functional It is presented in macro- and micro-architecture of the bone and influences upon the resistance to external mechanical forces and morphological characteristics of fractures of these bones. Three grouped hierarchical biomechanical modules have been found to be the most reasonable to apply in detection of mechanical and morphogenesis of fractures of low extremity long tubular bones: elasticity, stiffness and solidity including the most valuable diagnostic morphological signs grouped by the degree of their influence on destructive processes of the given Prospects of further studies. The prospects of future studies consists of further comprehensive examination of interrelations between the main structural components of the osseous tissue and regularities of formation of morphological signs in case of fractures of various bones of the human skeleton.