Factores pronósticos en la Cetoacidosis diabética canina - análisis clínicos y de laboratorio

Los factores pronosticos son parametros posibles de ser cuantificados en el momento del diagnostico y  sirven como predictores de sobrevida  en el paciente. Por tal razon, en este estudio se busco evaluar la sobrevida y los factores pronosticos de caninos con cetoacidosis diabetica (CAD), que es considerada una emergencia medica caracterizada por alteraciones metabolicas extremas y de alta mortalidad. En 16 caninos con CAD se obtuvieron datos epidemiologicos (sexo, edad, raza y peso), signos clinicos, alteraciones observadas al examen fisico, hemograma completo (incluyendo recuento de plaquetas), bioquimica serica basica (glucosa, alanina aminotransferasa, fosfatasa alcalina, creatinina y urea), urianalisis y tratamiento. Con base en los parametros evaluados, azotemia, proteinuria, cilindruria, bacteriuria, leucocituria, reduccion de la hemoglobina y de la densidad urinaria fueron considerados tambien como factores pronosticos negativos, asociados a la mortalidad de pacientes con CAD. Abstract Prognostic factors are possible parameters to be measured at the moment of the diagnosis and may be useful as predictors of patient’s survival. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival and prognostic factors of canines with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a medical emergency characterized by intense metabolic alterations and high mortality rate. Epidemiological data (sex, age, breed, and weight), clinical sings, alterations observed during the physical examination as well as complete blood count, basic serum biochemistry (glucose, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and urea), urinalysis and the treatment performed in 16 canines with ketoacidosis were obtained. Based on the parameters evaluated, azotemia, proteinuria, urinary casts, bacteriuria, leukocyturia, decrease of hemoglobin and urine specific gravity were also considered as negative prognostic factors, associated to patient mortality in patients with DKA.