Effect of two treatments on changes in serum acute phase protein concentrations in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare changes in serum concentrations of acute phase proteins (APPs) and paraoxanase (PON-1) in response to two treatments in dogs with leishmaniosis (CanL). For this purpose, 20 dogs with CanL were assigned to two treatment groups: antimonial plus allopurinol (Group G, n  = 12) and miltefosine plus allopurinol (Group M, n  = 8). Serum concentrations of PON-1 and APPs including C-reactive protein, haptoglobin (Hp), ferritin (Ft) and albumin were monitored over a period of 3 months after treatment. At the beginning of the study (day 0), most of the dogs had APP abnormalities. None of the variables differed significantly between groups in the first or subsequent visits. There was a significantly higher reduction in serum Ft in Group G than in Group M from day 0 to day 30 ( P  = 0.0085), and also from day 0 to day 90 ( P  = 0.0214). There was a higher increase in serum PON-1 in Group G than in than Group M from day 0 to day 30 ( P  = 0.0039), and also from day 0 to day 90 ( P  = 0.0404). This is the first report of APPs in dogs with natural clinical leishmaniosis treated with miltefosine. There was faster resolution of serum APP concentrations in dogs treated with antimonials ( P   0.05).