Aplicación y evaluación de una propuesta metodológica para la determinación del impacto de la infraestructura vial sobre la mortalidad de fauna silvestre en el Valle de Aburrá y el Oriente Antioqueño

The problem of the run over of fauna is awakening a growing interest in Colombia, both at the academic and research level, as well as at the governmental level, evidencing some concern for the protection of biodiversity. This research seeks to join the research initiatives in favor of the care of the environment, addressing the problem of the run over of fauna from a methodological perspective, seeking to apply and evaluate it to determine the impact of road infrastructure on the mortality of wildlife in the Aburra Valley and part of Eastern Antiqueno. This methodology includes the application of various instruments such as exploratory trips, census trips, survey observations, measurement of vehicle intensity and surveys. These instruments, helped to measure various variables, determined under two conditions, those of the time of the collision and environmental conditions. The exploratory trips helped to determine the final circuit of the route. Meanwhile, the census trips sought to apply the different measurements of the variables associated with the problem through 16 routes in four months. Of the survey of observations, it can be indicated that it allowed to carry out precisions of the census trips, as for particularities presented in each trip. Also the measurement of the vehicular intensity was applied looking for to determine which was the relation with the problematic one and what determinant can be in the occurrence of the run over of fauna. Finally, the application of the surveys was carried out to the neighboring population of the selected ways, looking for to know the form to perceive and to see the run over of fauna on the part of the surveyed one. The results of this work allowed to identify those variables that influence the run over of fauna, landscape/vegetation and month of registration, are the variables that with 95% of confidence can be affirmed that they have a direct relation with this problem. On the other hand, it was found in this research by means of census trips, that the most run over class are mammals (19% of registers) and followed by birds with 12%. As a final recommendation, it is indicated that for the study of this problem and the subsequent implementation of mitigation measures, different knowledge and different intentions must be integrated to have a real impact on biodiversity conservation, where governmental, institutional and individual efforts must be combined