Aproximación al cultivo de condrocitos en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia.: Reporte técnico

La perdida de un tejido o de su funcion, debido a defectos congenitos, enfermedad o trauma, es uno de los problemas mas dificiles, frecuentes y costosos que enfrenta la medicina humana. La degeneracion del cartilago articular se conoce como osteoartrosis (OA), la cual se manifiesta mediante dano enzimatico y mecanico de la matriz extracelular, que genera dolor y conduce a perdida del movimiento e inestabilidad articular. El cartilago articular tiene una baja capacidad de reparacion, por su avascularidad. El presente trabajo pretende realizar una aproximacion a la ingenieria tisular del cartilago con el proposito de establecer la fundamentacion teorica en el tema para comprender el comportamiento in vitro del tejido que permita a futuro construir un equivalente de cartilago mediante los procedimientos actuales de ingenieria tisular, que ofrezca respuesta a la problematica social y de salud publica. Las conclusiones del presente trabajo posibilitan futuras investigaciones en el campo de la regeneracion de cartilago articular y su aplicacion clinica e igualmente brindan las bases para plantear investigaciones in vivo o in vitro que profundicen en el tema The loss of a tissue or its function due to congenital defects, disease or trauma, is one of the major, frequent and expensive problems challenging the human medicine. The articular cartilage degeneration is known as osteoarthritis (OA), which is characterized by enzyme and mechanical damage of extracellular matrix, generating pain and lead to the loss of movement and articular instability. The articular cartilage has low repair ability due to its avascularization. The aim of present paper is to make an approach to cartilage tissue engineering to establish the theoretical basis on this subject to understand the tissue in vitro behavior allowing in the future, to construct a cartilage equivalent by means of current procedures of tissue engineering, offering a response to social problems and of the public health. Conclusions from present paper make easy futures researches in the field of articular cartilage regeneration and its clinical application and also, providing the bases to planning in vivo and in vitro researches to deepen in this subject