NF-κB Signaling Pathway Inhibitors as Anticancer Drug Candidates

Cancer incidence represents an important public health problem worldwide. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κB) transcription factor plays a pivotal role in the regulation of genes that control various responses in eukaryotic cells, including proliferation and survival, cytoskeletal remodeling, cellular adhesion and apoptosis. Extensive studies have demonstrated the contribution of NF-κB transcription in the promotion and progression of several hematological malignancies and solid tumors, in which NF-κB constitutive activation and/or overexpression are common clinical features. Moreover, triggering the NF-κB pathway is already considered one of the important mechanisms of resistance development to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, indicating that the inhibition of this signaling cascade is a promising approach to enhancing efficacy and preventing acquired resistance in cancer treatment. In this review, research efforts dedicated to the identification of novel NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitors as promising anticancer drug candidates are described.